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INTRODUCTION

The process where a failed organ is carried from one person to other by removing it as a result of surgery or any other therapy and then functional organ is transferred. Organ donated, is from a dead donour, a living or any other living fauna. Transplantation of organ can also be defined as, a procedure in medical science that involves replacement of a missing or damaged organ by a working organ.  “Autograft”, “Allograft”, “Isograft”, “Xenograft”, “Split transplant”, “Domino transplant ", are the different options of organ transplantation.

DESCRIBING THE TYPES OF “ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION”

1. “Autograft” is the transplant of collection of cells from one person to that person only. It can be done with a large amount of tissue, or the regenerated tissue, or elsewhere needed tissue. For example, skin grafting, “CABG” procedure etc. This procedure is sometimes completed to remove the collection of cells and then do the treatment either the individual and then return it.
2.  “Allograft” is the process of transfer of a body part or collection of cells into two different members genetically of the same family. Mostly all human collection of cells and transportation of body part are “allografts”.
3. In “Isograft” allografts divisions where organs or collection of cells are “transplanted” from a giver to a similar characteristic carrying recipient, more specifically “identical twin”. They are differentiated from other options of carrying processes because when they are anatomically similar to “allografts”, they do not affect response of “immune” system.
4.  “Xenograft” is the process of carrying of organs or collection of cells from one type of living being to another type. It is sometimes a very risky type of carrying system as it has increased risk of non-matching, rejection and ailment can be carried in the cell collection. Examples of this special process include “porcine heart valves”, that is often successful and always found.
5. “Split Transplants” is the process where a dead-giver’s body part, mainly “liver”, may be adjusted between two receivers, especially an adult and a child. As the transportation of the whole-body part is more rewarding this process is not usually choiceful.
6. “Domino Transplants” are the type of surgery is performed usually in favour of “Cystic Fibrosis” as all the lungs needs a change and technically it is an easy therapy for the replacement of “heart” and “lung”. It could be transported to some individual into someone who needs transported inside someone who requires a “heart transplant” as the taker’s own heart is usually healthy.
7. The transported body parts are “heart”, “kidneys”, “liver”, “lungs”, “pancreas”,  “intestine” and “thymus”. Collection of cells include “bones”, “tendons”, “cornea”, “skin”, “heart valves”, “nerves” and “veins”. The commonly most transported organs are the “kidneys”, after that the “liver” and atlast the “heart”.

CONCLUSION

“The Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994” caters as the considered legislation which rules the processes of organ transfer and transportation of body part in India. The act was passed in the year 1994 and its main objective on regulation of the “storage”, “removal” and “transportation” of the different “organs” of “human body”. Which can also be used for the purpose of various therapeutic processes. The mentioned act also focuses on the protection of the financial dealings which are illegal inside various human “organs”. This act was made for the continuation of “removal”, “storage” and “human organ” transportation for various processes of therapy and for the protection of illegal selling dealings of “human organs”.